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| The Country is Led by 2 Foreigners? This is the Small Country of Andorra |
The Country is Led by 2 Foreigners? This is the Small Country of Andorra
What if a country is led by two heads of state with the same status and position? It may sound a little strange, but this is what happened to the country of Andorra. Interestingly, these two heads of state are also from two different countries. More details about the country of andorra, this is what it means.
Principality of andorra or principality of andora, is the official name of the state of andorra. Andorra is one of the sovereign microstates, or what is known as microstate. The country is also known as the principality of the andorra valley, located on the iberian peninsula, in the eastern pyrethian mountains,
Andorra borders the french state in the northern part as well as with the country of spain in the southern part. Andorra is a small country and one of the landlocked countries on the european continent.
With an area covering an area of 468 square kilometers, the country is the 6th smallest country in europe and the 16th smallest in the world. if the area of this country we compare with the area in Indonesia, then the area of andorra is slightly larger than the area of the sangihe islands regency, which is in the province of north sulawesi with an area of 461 square kilometers.
Due to its location in the eastern pyrethian mountains, the andorra region is largely dominated by rugged and rugged mountains. The average height of the plains in the country is 1,996 meters above sea level, with its highest point being at an altitude of 2,942 meters above sea level located at the top of the coma pedrosa mountain.
The capital of Andorra is in the City of Andorra la vella , the city is also the largest city and becomes the commercial center of the country. Located at an altitude of 1,023 meters above sea level, the city of andorra la vella is the highest capital city on the continent.
In 2020, it is estimated that the total population of andorra country is around 77,543 people, and more than half of andorra residents are foreign nationals, most of them are from other European countries such as france, spain and portugal. While the andorra people themselves have a smaller proportion of the number, which is about 48% of the total population of the population.
The andorra people are an ethnic group of romans who are descended from the catalan or Catalan people, where the majority of the population of andorra speaks catalan, which is the historical language and the only official language in the country of andorra. In addition to catalan, Spanish, Portuguese and French are also commonly spoken in this country.
Although Andorra has no official religion in the country, the majority of the population of Andorra is Christian, of which about 88% are Catholics. The constitution in this country recognizes a privileged relationship with the roman catholic church, and gives some privileges to catholics. Other christian denominations are the anglican church, the unification church, the new apostolic church, and the witnesses of jehovah.
Andorra is a parliamentary state with a diarchical style, that is, it is headed by two heads of state, with the french president and the bishop of catalonia (spain ) as joint princes, while its head of government is held by a prime minister elected through elections. These two princes jointly ruled with limited power, that is, without veto power to government actions.
Thus their role is almost entirely merely ceremonial. While the Economic Sector, Andorra is a country that grows from the tourism sector, tourism is the main income of the andorra economy, this sector contributes about 80% of the country's GDP.
It is estimated that around 10.2 million tourists visit andorra annually. tourism of this country, famous mainly for its duty-free or levy-free status and by its stunning summer and winter vacation facilities.
History of Andorra In neolithic times, a group of people moved to the madriu valley. a glacial valley to the southeast of andorra, the region was then used as a permanent encampment around 6,640 BC.
The inhabitants of the valleys are traditionally associated with the iberian people who historically existed in andorra as an andosin or andosini tribe, then in the 7th to 2nd centuries BC.
The presence of the roman empire in this region influenced the people of those tribes, which was recorded from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD. After the fall of the roman empire, the territory of andorra then came under the influence of visigothic kingdoms.
Later The visigoths occupied the valleys for 200 years, and it was also during this period that christianity spread in the region we now know as Andorra. When the muslim empire al-andalus succeeded over its conquest of most of the territory of the iberian peninsula and replaced the rule of the visigothic kingdom.
Andorra was a territory protected by the frankish kingdom from the muslim colonization of al-andalus. At that time the territory of andorra was claimed to be a buffer state made by the king charles the great or charlemagne, with the aim of keeping the muslim moors from advancing into french territory.
Andorra became part of the territory ruled by the prince of urgell and eventually the bishop of the diocese of urgell. Tradition states that the king charles the great or charlemagne gave a charter to the people of andorra in exchange for their battle with the moors.
Moorish itself is a mention used by christians in Europe to refer to the muslim population of the maghreb region, the iberian peninsula, Sicily and malta during the medieval period.
In the 11th century, fearing military action by the rulers of neighboring territories, the bishop of urgell put himself under the protection of the lord of caboet, a Catalan nobleman. And in 1095, the lord of caboet and the bishop of urgell signed a declaration of their common sovereignty over the territory of andorra.
Lalau In the 13th century, the prince of the house or count of foix became the heir on the part of the lord of caboet, after a marriage between the two noble families in 1208. In the 13th century a military dispute came to the fore between the bishop and the count of foix as a result of the albigensian crusade. This conflict was resolved in 1278 by mediation by the king of the aragonese. The conflict was resolved by the signing of the first pareage or treaty stating that the sovereignty of andorra would be divided between the princes of the count of foix and the bishop of the urgell, in catalunya.
It was this treaty that gave the andorra of the territory and its political form. The later Territory of the andorra border has not changed since 1278.
With the passage of time, the title-along with andorra passed to the kings of navarra. After henri III of navarra became king of france he also announced in 1607 that the head of state of france and the bishop were urging to be joint princes of andorra.
Andorra was then ruled jointly by representatives of the bishops, in catalonia and the french head of state, who each received an annual payment of respect.
This feudal system of government remained intact until 1993. Before then the country's political system was officially transformed into a parliamentary democracy in May 1993 through a referendum on the andorra constitution.
The new constitution still retains the title of joint prince of france and is urgent even with limited and narrowly defined powers. Civil rights were greatly expanded, including the ratification of political parties and the provision of an independent judiciary.
That's a little summary of the history about the princely state of andorra, and to get to know more about this country,