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| With the Seychelles, This Is Mauritius a Developed Country in Africa |
With the Seychelles, This Is Mauritius a Developed Country in Africa
After we discuss the countries of Mauritania and seychelles, this time we will discuss the neighboring country of the country of seychelles that is the country of Mauritius. Mauritius is an island country in the Indian Ocean located off the east coast of Africa, or Physiographically this country is part of the Mascarene Islands.
More fully about the state of mauritius, here is the article Republic of maurutius or what in English is called the republic of mauritius, is a state in sovereign Africa whose territory is an archipelago in the southwestern Indian Ocean, or about 900 km to the east of the country of madagascar.
The country of mauritius has an area of 2, 040 km², the country includes several islands, the outermost of which is rodrigues island located about (550 km) towards the east, Cargados Carajos Shoals about (400 km) towards the northeast, and the Agalega Islands about (930 km) towards the north of the main island.
Mauritius also claimed sovereignty over the Chagos Islands which also included the territory of Diego Garcia the area located about (2,000 km) to the northeast, but this claim was denied by the British.
About two-thirds of the country's population is of Indo-Pakistani origin, most of whom are descendants of contract laborers brought to work in the sugar industry during the 19th and early 20th centuries. About a quarter of the population is Creole or of mixed French and African descent, and there are a small number of people of Chinese and French-Mauritian descent.
The total population of mauritius reaches 1,263,000 inhabitants. The population density in Mauritius is the highest in African countries and is among the highest in the world. Overpopulation became a serious problem after the eradication of falciparum malaria in the early 1950s led to a sharp increase in the population.
Driven by government policies, supported by all mauritius religious communities, and aided by the rapid pace of economic growth, the rate of natural improvement fell rapidly in the last decade of the 20th century, and is now below the world average. Emigration, especially to Britain and France also helped slow the annual growth rate.
Although English is the official language, it is spoken by a very small percentage of the population. the Creole language and the french-based pathotic language, is spoken by about four-fifths of the population and is the lingua franca of the country. the Bhojpuri language and the Indo-Aryan language, spoken by a tenth of the population, and French is spoken by a small part.
Other languages spoken on the island include Hindi, Chinese, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu. Mauritians or mauritius usually speak two, three, or even more languages, and the education system in the country supports a wide range of language teaching.
Religious affiliations vary: about half or 48.1 % of the population is Hindu, about 29.9 % are Christians of which the majority are Roman Catholics, about 17.5 % are Muslims and the rest are without religion or atheists Mauritius has a mixed developing economy based on export manufacturing, agriculture, tourism and financial services.
The government's efforts to diversify the economy after 1980 have been successful, and Mauritius is no longer as dependent on sugar production as it has in most of its history. Although the agricultural sector has been reduced with efforts to diversify the economy, but agriculture is still considered important in the country. Sugar production, which generates about one-sixth of export revenue, occupies about four-fifths of the total arable land.
The government system of the mauritius state is a constitutional monarchy with the king of England as head of state. In 1991 a constitutional amendment was passed regulating the republican form of government, with the president as head of state the amendment came into force in 1992.
Legislative power is held by the National Assembly, elected every five years and consisting of 62 elected members and up to 8 additional members drawn from a pool of candidates who are not elected but can be appointed to expand representation among minorities or underrepresented parties. Executive power is exercised by a Council of Ministers headed by a prime minister appointed by the president who forms the government of the members of the National Assembly.
The president and vice president are elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term. The History of Mauritius Originally this area of diversity located in the Indian Ocean had no human inhabitants. It is said that arab sailors were the ones who first discovered the region in about 975. The Arabs then named the island after dina arobi.
Furthermore, the island was also visited by tribes from the Malays, but unfortunately very little information was available about the period. In this period the territory of mauritius became only a temporary stopover and had no permanent inhabitants.
The period continued until the 16th century. Portuguese sailors were the first European nation to be confirmed as the first European nation to discover the region in 1507.
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| With the Seychelles, This Is Mauritius a Developed Country in Africa |
By Portuguese sailors, the island was given the name cirne or do-cerne, which was likely taken from the name of their expedition ship. The Portuguese did not settle long in the region because they were not interested in the islands. In 1598 a squadron under admiral wybrand van warwyck landed in the southeastern part of the island and named the island after mauritius.
The Dutch were the first to actually settle on the island. The Dutch people began to inhabit and establish settlements on the island as early as 1638. The Dutch left mauritius in 1710, as the region was considered unfavorable to the Dutch.
After being abandoned by the Dutch, the territory of mauritius was taken over by a french east Indian company in 1715, which had previously acquired the island of bourbon or what is now known as the island of reunion. By the French the region was later named after the isle de france. The Isle de france began to develop effectively, where French settlers grew sugarcane, wheat, rice, cotton, coffee and indigo, as well as built the first factories in pamplemousses.
During this period of colonization, the french authorities brought in slaves from african regions such as from mozambique and zanzibar, besides they also brought in workers from india to do public works as well as to cultivate more land. At the beginning of the 19th century, when the British and French were at war, the territory of the isle de france became a threatening attack base for British and Indian merchant ships.
In 1810 the British carried out their invasion and managed to capture the territory. And in 1814, the territory of the isle de france was officially ceded to the british through the treaty of paris, on condition that it allowed settlers to defend their lands and property and use french language and french law in criminal and civil matters.
Under British rule, the name of the island was later returned to mauritius. The british government, which began with robert townsend farquhar as this first governor, has made rapid social and economic changes.
One of the most important events was the abolition of serfdom in the 1830s. The plantation owners received compensation of 2 million pounds in damages for the loss of their slaves imported from africa and madagascar during the french occupation.
To solve the labor shortage, the planters then furloughed their workers from the indians. Between 1834 and 1921, about half a million contract workers were present on the island. They work in sugar plantations, factories, transport and on construction sites.
In addition, the British also brought 8,740 indian soldiers to the island These indian immigrants who are hindus and muslims, quickly changed the structure and order of society in mauritius.
Between 1885 and 1886 a new constitution was introduced in mauritius to make room for elected representatives. The new governing council includes 10 elected members with franchise rights or limited management rights. After years of negotiations, in 1948 a major breakthrough for a more liberal constitution in mauritius took place.
For the first time, the colonial government extended suffrage to all adults who could write their names in any of the island's 19 languages, as well as abolishing previous gender and property qualifications.
The previous governing council, replaced by a new legislative council of 19 elected members. After constitutional conferences were held in london in 1955 and 1957, the ministerial system was introduced in mauritius.
In 1961, a constitutional review conference was again held in london and a further constitutional advancement program was established. This conference was then followed by the last constitutional conference in 1965 which would pave the way for mauritius to achieve independence.
On 12 March 1968, mauritius was declared an independent state within the British commonwealth with queen elizabeth II as queen or head of state represented by a governor-general.
In December 1991, the constitution was again amended, with the aim of making mauritius a republic within the commonwealth. Mauritius officially became a republic on March 12, 1992.
That is a brief history about the state of mauritius here are 22 facts about the state of mauritius The origin of the name mauritius.