Developed Countries that Decide to Separate, This is the History and Facts of the Czech Republic.
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| This is the History and Facts of the Czech Republic. |
Developed Countries that Decide to Separate, This is the History and Facts of the Czech Republic.
For football fans, they must be familiar with the names of football players such as karel poborsky, thomas rosicky, pavel nedved, petr cech, and the famous for his height, jan koller. these players are from czech rep countries, but in this article we are not talking about czech rep football, but we will discuss about the country of origin of these players. More details about czech rep, here's the article.
Czech republic, or briefly we call czech country is one of the countries in the central european region. The czech state was formed after the dissolution of the czechoslovak state in 1993.
Czechia is one of the landlocked countries or what is called a landlock which means, this country does not have a maritime or sea area. The country borders the german state to the west and north, with poland to the north, slovakia to the southeast and with the austrian state to the south. Geographically the Czech Republic has a hilly landscape with a temperate climate in most of its territory.
Traditionally, the country is divided into 3 main lands or regions namely, bohemia in the western part, Moravia in the eastern part and Czech silesia in the southeastern part. Phytogeographically or botanical geography, the czech republic belongs to the central European provinces of the circumboreal region, within the boreal kingdom.
The czech state stands on an area of 78,866 square kilometers. If we compare with the area in Indonesia, the area of this country is still larger than the area of north Sumatra province with an area of about 72,000 square kilometers, but it is still smaller than the area of riau province with an area of 87,023 square kilometers. Prague is the largest city as well as the capital of the czech country, Prague is the political, cultural and economic center of central Europe complete with a rich history.
The city was founded in roman times and flourished in the gothic, renaissance, and baroque eras. The city of prague is the capital of the kingdom of bohemia and the main residence of several holy roman emperors.
Its rich history makes prague a popular tourist destination, the city receiving more than 8.5 million international visitors annually. In 2017 prague was listed as the fifth most visited european city after london, paris, rome and istanbul.
The total population in the country in 2020 is estimated to reach 10,693,939 inhabitants, with about 64% of the population coming from the Czech ethnic group. The czech republic has 75% to 79% of people who do not declare any religion or creed in polls and percentages of atheists, czech people have historically been characterized as tolerant and even indifferent to religion.
The form of government of the czech state is a parliamentary republic headed by the president as head of state and the prime minister as head of government. The czech republic is one of the developed countries with a developed and high-income social market economy. The country is export-oriented and a service-based social market economy, manufacturing and innovation, which maintains the country's well-being and european social model.
In the industrial sector, czechia is one of the countries in europe a producer of means of transport and electoral equipment, Škoda transportation is a manufacturer of trams, which is one of the fourth largest modes of land transportation in the world, and almost a third of all trams in the world come from factories in czechia. The country is also ranked in the top 10 countries in the world with the fastest internet speed.
In the field of tourism the country is known as one of the historical tourist destinations, the Czech republic is famous for its various museums. the country boasts 14 UNESCO world heritage sites and all fall into the cultural category.
Czech history. In the early period, the territory of central Europe, and including the territory that is currently the czech state was controlled by the boii people and the slavs. During some period these people established such kingdoms as the samo empire and the great moravian kingdom.
At the end of the 9th century, part of the czech territories were controlled by the duchy of bohemia, bohemia was an imperial state of the holy roman empire. In the 16th century, bohemia came under control and became part of the hasburg dynasty. At the beginning of the 19th century the hasburg dynasty was officially unified as an austrian empire and then became an austro-hungarian empire. Austro-hungary was a multinational country and one of the main powers of europe at that time, geographically the territory of the austro-hungarian empire was the second largest in europe after the russian empire.
The empire then collapsed after its defeat in World War I. In 1918, after the collapse of the empire, the independence of the czechoslovak state was officially proclaimed in prague on October 28, 1918. This newly emerging country combined the territories of bohemia, moravia, czech silesia, ruthenia carpathy and upper hungary which is currently a slovak state.
Czechoslovakia became a liberal democratic republic, the new state was characterized by problems with its ethnic diversity, a separate history between czech and slovak peoples and their very different religious, cultural and social traditions. In the 1930s, the rise of nazi germany, made the czech region occupied by the germans. In 1939, the Germans turned the region into a bohemian and moravian protectorate The protectorate was proclaimed as part of the third reich, and the president and prime minister were under the reichprotector or protector of nazi germany.
In its occupation the Germans launched an ost generalplan plan calling for the annihilation of expulsion, germanization or enslavement of most or all czechs for the purpose of providing more living space for the german people.
Resistance to the german occupation of the protectorate of bohemia and moravia during world war II began after the occupation of the rest of Czechoslovakia and the establishment of a protectorate on 15 March 1939. In the early days of the war, the czech population participated in boycotts of public transport and large-scale demonstrations. in addition armed communist partisan groups also participated in sabotage and clashes with german police forces.
The most famous act of resistance was the assassination of reinhard heydrich. Resistance culminated in the so-called 1945 Prague uprising, in which czech fighting forces had the support of soviet and allied forces. After the surrender of nazi germany, about 2.9 million ethnic germans were expelled from czechoslovakia, with the consent of the allies, their property and rights were declared invalid through the decree of beneš.
Czechoslovakia soon fell under Soviet influence. In the 1946 elections, the czechoslovak communist party obtained 38% of the vote and became the largest party in the czechoslovak parliament, forming coalitions with other parties and consolidating power. In February 1948, the Communists took power in the 1948 czechoslovak coup d'état, czechoslovakia was declared a people's republic, an early step towards socialism and eventually, communism.
Bureaucratic centralism under the direction of the communist party leadership was introduced. Elements of dissidentism were cleared from all walks of life, including the roman catholic church. The ideological principles of marxism-leninism and socialist realism permeate the cultural and intellectual life of this country. Over the next 41 years, the communist state of czechoslovakia was described by certain economic and political features of the eastern bloc.
The anti-communist revolution began on November 16, 1989 in bratislava, with demonstrations by slovak students for democracy, and continued with similar demonstrations by czech students in prague on November 17, 1989 communist police violently dispersed peaceful pro-democracy demonstrations, they brutally beat many participants from among the students.
The event sparked a series of demonstrations from November 17 to late December and turned into anti-communist demonstrations. This event in general came to be known as the velvet revolution.
On November 28 the communist party of Czechoslovakia announced that it would relinquish power and end the one-party state. The first free elections in czechoslovakia since 1946 took place in June 1990. The election went without incident and with more than 95% of the population voting. As anticipated, the civil society forum and the society against violence won a landslide victory in their respective republics and gained a majority vote in the federal parliament.
Parliament took substantial steps to secure a successful move towards fair local elections in November 1990, ensuring fundamental change at the district and municipal levels. In 1991, the existence of some fundamental differences between the czech and slovak people made this country decide to separate.
A number of reasons have been given for the dissolution of czechoslovakia, with the main debate focusing on whether dissolution was inevitable or whether dissolution occurred in conjunction with or even contrary to the events that occurred between the velvet revolutions of 1989.
On November 25, 1992, the czechoslovak federal parliament decided to divide the country into czech republics and slovakia from January 1, 1993. And on January 1, 1993, the following two countries are the facts of the Rer state. Czech. The official name of the czech republic and the czech short name were decided on its formation after the dissolution of czechoslovakia in the so-called velvet divorce of 1993.
In English the country is called by a czech name, the english name of the country has historically been bohemia. The name comes from the celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 4th century BC. Boiohaemum, as it was originally known in Latin, comes from the German boi-haima, which means house boii.
The name survived all the later migrations that affected the area, including the arrival of slavic peoples and the formation of a czech state. In the 9th century, the country was officially known as the duchy of bohemia, transformed into the kingdom of bohemia in the 11th century and the crown of bohemia in the 14th century.
The design of the first flag of czechoslovakia was based on the flag of bohemia which was white over red. The flag is almost identical to the flag of poland, then a blue triangle was added on the side in 1920 to distinguish the country's flag. The flag was banned by the nazis in 1939 when they formed a government that nominally controlled bohemia and moravia, the 1920 flag was restored in 1945.
After czechoslovakia was dissolved in 1993, the czech republic retained the czechoslovak flag while Slovakia adopted its own flag. There is no specific meaning about the use of color on the flag of the republic, but traditionally the color used on the flag indicates the ancestral identity of their nation.
The czech koruna is the official currency used by the czech republic. This currency has been officially used by Czechs since 1993. Czech koruna is coded with CZK, the value of this currency if exchanged into our currency is about 650 rupiah.
Czech is the official language of the czech country. Czech, also historically referred to as bohemian, is the western slavic language of the czech-slovak group. Czech is closely related to Slovak as well as Polish, to the point of mutual clarity is very high.
Like other slavic languages, Czech is a fusional language with a rich morphological system and a relatively flexible word order. His vocabulary has been heavily influenced by latin and german. By scientists, Czech is classified as one of the hardest languages in the world. Since 2000, the czech republic has been divided into thirteen administrative regions or what in Czech is called kraje and 1 capital with regional status. Each county has its own elected county council and a county governor.
The low crime rate and the absence of international conflicts, make the czech republic one of the safest countries in the world. In 2019, the country ranked 11th in the world peace index. As is known the czech republic along with slovakia was one country i.e. czechoslovakia until 1992. The dissolution of this country into two regions of the country or what is often also known as divorce velvet, became one of the most peaceful divisions of the country in the world in the 20th century.
The Czech republic ranked the 27th most environmentally conscious country in the world in the Environmental performance Index in 2016. The country has four national parks namely sumava national park, krkonoše national park, ceske svycarsko national park, podyjí national park and 25 protected land areas as well as six biosphere reserves.
Education in the czech republic includes a 9-year compulsory education program, namely elementary school, high school, and junior high school. There is also preschool education that is generally not state-financed until the year before elementary school After preschool, parents are not charged tuition fees, but they must provide, stationery, and food for their children. In addition, after completing education up to the secondary level citizens have access to university education that is free of tuition fees.
The czech republic has a developed economy and a high standard of living. The country is the most stable and prosperous among other post-communist countries, with the lowest unemployment rate in the european union. The czech republic holds the record as the country that has the most castles in europe. There are more than 2000 castles and castles in which there are in the Czech republic, Some of the most famous are the hluboká castle, the orlík castle, the lednice castle and the karlštejn castle.
Prague Castle is the largest ancient castle in the world, which occupies an area of nearly 70,000 square meters with a length of up to 570 meters and a width of 128 meters and has more than 700 rooms. For reference, the castle is larger than the seven football fields combined.
Prague castle is one of the most visited tourist attractions in prague attracting more than 1.8 million visitors annually Prague is the only major city in europe that was not extensively bombed in world war II. For this reason, tourists visiting prague will find many buildings in the historic center that stand tall like the original, some of these buildings even date back to medieval times. Prague astronomical clock, or prague orloj, is a medieval astronomical clock located in the city of prague.
It was first installed in 1410, making it the third oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest clock still in operation today. The city of Prague also got the nickname as the city of a hundred towers, because in this city there are so many towers that there are even more than 500 towers.
The city of Prague also has the oldest university building in central Europe. It is charles university or historically the university of prague, a university founded since 1348, being the oldest university in central europe. The university is also the largest university in the czech republic. Jan janský, a Czech neurologist, was the first to classify human blood into four blood types, his discovery paving the way for the blood donation of the modern era.
Maybe some of you are users of contact lens products, usually girls to just support their appearance. Soft contact lenses or what we know as soft lenses, were first discovered in Czechia in 1959, by a Czech chemist, otto wichterle. The Czech republic is famous for its beer consumption, this country is one of the heaviest beer consuming countries in the world.
Czechs consume the most beer per capita in the world with consumption reaching 160 liters per person per year. Beer has been brewed here since 993 AD and the university in czech has some of the leading breweries. That's a video about the history and facts of the czech republic, one of the developed countries in central Europe, which has a lot of its uniqueness.
Developed Countries that Decide to Separate, This is the History and Facts of the Czech Republic.