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| Being the Largest Country in Africa, Here's the History and Facts of Algeria |
Being the Largest Country in Africa, Here's the History and Facts of Algeria
People's democratic republic of algeria is the official name of the algerian state, or what we commonly know by the name of algeria. Algeria is the largest country on the african continent, however about four-fifths of its territory is the territory of the sahara desert, so only 12% of the territory of this country is inhabited by its inhabitants. More details about the country of algeria, here is a summary of the article.
The democratic republic of the people of Algeria or what we usually call the algerian state, is a pesisisr state in the land of the maghreb which is a sub-region of North Africa. The area of the country is about 2, 381, 741 square kilometers, the country of Algeria is the tenth largest country in the world by area of its territory, and the largest in the territory of the african union and in the lands of arabia.
The territory of the country of algeria borders the state of tunisia to the northeast, with libya in the eastern part, with the republic of niger in the southeast, in the southwest it borders the country of mali, mauritania and the western sahara region, With morocco to the west and with the mediterranean sea in its northern part.
In 2021, it is estimated that the total population in the country of Algeria will reach 44,700,000 people, of which 99% of the population is from the berber Arabs who are an ethnolinguistic group from the maghreb land. Islam is the dominant religion in algeria, with its percentage of adherents reaching 99% of the country's total population, according to CIA world factbook estimates in 2021.
The official language in the Algerian country is Arabic and berber, but French is also used as an administrative and educational language in some contexts. The capital of his country is located in the city of Algiers, in addition to being the capital, algiers are also the largest city in algeria.
Algeria's system of government is a semi-presidential republic, with its constituencies consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes or counties. In addition to being the head of state, the president of Algeria also concurrently serves as the head of the army, the council of ministers and the high security council, in addition to that the president also appoints the prime minister who is the head of government.
Meanwhile, algeria's legislative body or parliament is bicameral or two-chamber, which is divided over the national assembly of the people and the nation's council. The current president of algeria is abdelmadjid tebboune, who has served as president of algeria since December 19, 2019. In terms of economy, algeria is one of the countries with the largest economy on the african continent, the country has the highest human development index of all non-island african countries.
Most of the income from the country is based on energy exports. Algeria ranks 16th as the country with the largest oil reserves in the world and is the second largest in africa, besides that the country of Algeria also has natural gas reserves and is the 9th largest in the world.
History of Algeria Around the 12th to the 3rd century BC, the territory of algeria was the territory of the berber kingdom, before finally this kingdom was divided and divided into several territories. Some of the territories that were offset from this berber work were then annexed to roman empire.
At the beginning of the 5th anad after the fall of the western roman empire, the territory of algeria was under the rule of the vandal kingdom, then in the 6th century the eastern roman empire or byzantine empire managed to seize this territory from the vandal kingdom, and incorporated it into the praetorian prefecture of africa which was a major administrative division of the byzantine empire located in the maghreb region.
At the beginning of the 8th century, the umayyad caliphate conquered the algerian territories of the byzantine empire and made the territory part of the umayyad rule. A large number of indigenous people began to convert to Islam until in the 10th century islam became the majority in the maghreb and algeria regions. After the fall of the umayyad caliphate many local dynasties appeared in the region such as the aghlabid, almohads, abdalwadid, zirid, rustamid, hammadid, almoravid and fatimid dynasties.
Early in the 16th century between 1505 and 1510, the Spanish expansionist policies of north africa. in beginning with orders from the spanish cardinal who was also a regent of spain cardinal francisco jimenez de cisneros, beginning after the reconquista or reconquest of the iberian peninsula was completed.
The Spanish managed to control several coastal algerian cities including mers el kebir, oran, algiers, and bugia. In 1516, muslim soldiers from truki under the command of the oruc reis and khair ad din known to europeans as hayreddin barbarossa or red beard who were sea admirals of the ottoman empire, operated successfully outside tunisia, and moved their base of operations to the city of algiers.
They managed to take the territory of the algiers by defeating the spaniards and taking control of the city and the surrounding region. Under hayreddin barbarossa rule, algiers became the center of ottoman empire in the meghreb region. For 300 years the territory of algeria was a province of the ottoman empire.
In 1830, the French invaded and successfully conquered the city of Algiers. The colonization of France then gradually reached the southern regions which resulted in the control of the region and wars with the local population. By 1848, almost the entire territory of northern Algeria was under French rule, and declared the occupied territory part of the french.
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| Being the Largest Country in Africa, Here's the History and Facts of Algeria |
Being the Largest Country in Africa, Here's the History and Facts of Algeria
The territories of algiers oran and constantine were organized as french departments or administrative units under the civil government. France manages the entire mediterranean region in algeria as an integral part and department of the french nation. Algeria became one of the longest-controlled territories by the French, and this region was a destination for hundreds of thousands of European immigrants who were later of European descent in this region also known as pied noir.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the population of europeans reached about one-fifth of the population in this region. In 1945, driven by discontent between indigenous people who had no political and economic status in the colonial system, it gave rise to demands for greater political autonomy and independence from the French.
The height of these tensions led to the algerian war in November 1954. The algerian war of independence or also known as the algerian revolutionary war is a war between the French army and the algerian national liberation front. The war against french rule ended in 1962, algeria gained full independence after signing the evian agreement on 18 March 1962.
After the referendum on algerian independence held on 1 July 1962. On 3 July france declared algeria independent and no longer part of france and no longer part of the european community. That's a little summary of history about the country of algeria, and to get to know more about this country, here are 23 facts about the country of algeria.
The etymology or origin of the name of the algerian country is taken from the name of the city of Algiers which comes from arabic, from the word al-jaza'ir which means archipelago. The official currency of the algerian state is the algerian dinar encoded with DZD 1 algerian dinar when converted to dollars is 0.0071 US dollars
November 1st is commemorated as the day of the revolution in the country, and July 5 is the independence day of the country of Algeria. July 5 is a historic date for algeria. The country became a french colony on July 5, 1830, and on July 5, 1962 the country was officially independent, after 132 years of french colonization.
The design of the algerian national flag consists of two stripes of green and white, with a crescent moon emblem and a red star located right in the middle of the flag. The design of this flag was officially adopted since July 3, 1962. The color on the flag of Algeria has the following meanings, the green color means Islam, the white color has the meaning of purity or chastity, and red has the meaning of resistance to gain independence. While the symbols of the crescent moon and stars are symbols of the Islamic religion.
The official religion of the country is the religion of islam, and it is illegal in this country to proselytize people about religions other than islam. The algerian legal system is based on the French court system and islamic sharia law. The national animal of the country is the fox fennec.
Being the Largest Country in Africa, Here's the History and Facts of Algeria
The fennec fox is the smallest type of fox of all fox species in the world. This fox has a characteristic on its wide auricles and has a size of about 6 inches. The endangered cheetah sahara can be found in algeria. In 2008 it was estimated that only about 250 animals remained in the world, with the largest population being in Algeria.
The number of pied noir or europeans living in the territory of algeria, who left the country after the country's independence in 1962 reached more than 900,000 inhabitants. Only about 12% of the area of the country is inhabited by the inhabitants of algeria, since most of its territory is the sahara desert.
Algeria is one of the countries in the world that has no foreign debt, this country does not owe money to other countries. Free national health care was introduced by the Algerian government in 1974 and helped pay for people who were sick or injured. Almost all people living in urban areas and 80% of people living in rural areas have access to adequate sanitation.
In the 1990s the country had experienced a civil war, this conflict was triggered by differences in political views among leaders which later led to a civil war. It is estimated that more than 100,000 people died in the civil war. Algeria has one of the largest militaries in the african and arab lands and has the largest defense budget of the continent.
Algeria has a great reputation as the only arab country that has a very adequate military, and is trained in warfare, it is also influenced as a legacy of a long history of war with other countries, such as the turkish state, spain and french colonialism. Even ISIS is very difficult to recruit jihadists from algeria due to its strong military presence.
Algeria has a law of no negotiations with terrorism, as part of preventing a recurrence of the civil war that once occurred in the country. South African leader Nelson Mandela once expressed his admiration for algeria, in his book entitled long walk to freedom, in his book he wrote that algerian soldiers made me a man, because he had been trained by algerian soldiers in 1961.
And the first country to be visited after he was released from prison in 1990 was the country of Algeria. Unlike most other Arab countries, women in algeria have a fairly important role in this country. In algerian judicial institutions 70% of its lawyers are women, and about 60% of judges are female judges.
Algeria is a desert country and one of the world's oil-producing countries, hence in this country the price of water is much more expensive than the price of vehicle fuel. Tassili n'ajjer national park, also known as the plateu of the rivers, is a national park in the sahara desert. The plateau, which has an area of 72,000 square kilometers, is located in the southeast of Algeria on the border of Libya, Niger and Mali.
The national park has one of the most important groupings of prehistoric cave art in the world, with more than 15,000 rows of paintings and engravings telling prehistoric life. In 1982, tassili n'ajjer was named one of the world heritage sites by UNESCO. Algeria is a culturally blended region in the past, and some were designated as cultural heritage sites by UNESCO, making the region heavily visited by foreign tourists.
In 2017 algeria was visited by more than 3 million tourists, this received attention from the government in its efforts to improve the tourism sector in its country. Al qal'a of beni hammad is one of the world heritage sites designated by UNESCO, this site is the ruins of an ancient Muslim city with fortifications that give an overview of the life of the city in the past, this building was founded in 1007 AD.
Timgad is a ruin of roman relics located in the mountains of aures, just as al qal'a ruins of the city of timgad is one of the cultural heritage sites by unesco, the city was founded by the romans in 100 AD. The djamaa el djazair mosque is also known as the great mosque of algiers. It is the 3rd largest mosque in the world, after the haram mosque in makkah and the nabawi mosque in medina.
With a 265-meter-high minaret, the mosque, which was just completed in 2019, is also the mosque with the tallest minaret in the world. Those are some facts about the country of algeria, a country in north africa with its various historical dynamics so that it gives character to its country and becomes an example for other countries around it in some aspects.